2025/12/22 by Xiao-Bin Chen, Ruo-Yu Liu, Chen, Xiao-Bin +3
Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena #Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena #Neutrino Physics Research
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.19403
The recent detection of TeV neutrinos from nearby Seyfert galaxies (e.g., NGC 1068) by IceCube suggests that active galactic nuclei (AGNs) could make a significant contribution to diffuse astrophysical neutrinos. The absence of TeV gamma-rays from NGC 1068 indicates neutrino production in a compact opaque region of gamma-rays. The vicinity of the supermassive black hole, such as the disk-corona, is an ideal region, where the high radiation density leads to efficient neutrino production and gamma-ray attenuation. Disk-corona models predict that the neutrino emission from AGNs correlates with X-ray emission, which traces the coronal activity. In this paper, we assess whether diffuse TeV neutrinos can originate from X-ray-emitting AGNs with Monte Carlo simulations, considering the predicted performance of future neutrino telescopes. We test this hypothesis by searching for spatial correlations between the X-ray AGN population and high-energy neutrinos, assuming that the neutrino flux scales with the AGN X-ray flux. After accounting for the fraction of the AGN X-ray flux resolved by eFEDS and the remaining unresolved AGN component, we find that an AGN origin of diffuse neutrinos can be tested at a significance of about 3σ with ten years of IceCube-Gen2 observations. With improved angular resolution and sensitivity, a 30 km3-scale underwater neutrino telescope such as HUNT is expected to reach a significance of about 6σ with one year of exposure. The detection significance decreases if AGNs contribute partially to the total astrophysical neutrino flux. Our results highlight the critical role of angular resolution in diagnosing the AGN origin of diffuse TeV neutrinos.