2009/05/07 by A. A. Grib, Grib, A. A.
Earth and Planetary Sciences · Physics and Astronomy · #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #FOS: Physical sciences #General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) #Geophysics and Gravity Measurements #Relativity and Gravitational Theory #gr-qc
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.0905.0955
arxiv created 2009/05/07 · openalex publication_date 2009/05/07 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
It is shown that nonlinear terms in equations of gravitons on the background of curved space-time of the expanding Universe can solve the problem of the negative square of the effective mass formally arising in linear approximation for gravitons. Similar to well known spontaneous breaking of symmetry in Goldstone model one must take another vacuum so that nonzero vacuum expectation value of the quantized graviton field leads to change of spectrum for gravitons. There appears two graviton fields, one with the positive mass, another with the zero mass. Energy density and the density of particles created by gravitation of the expanding Universe are calculated for some special cases of the scale factor. Numerical of result are obtained for the dust universe case.