2025/10/18 by Uktamjon Uktamov, Mohsen Fathi, Uktamov, Uktamjon +3
Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations #Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research #Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
paper · pdf · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16058-4
Abstract The dynamics of charged particles around magnetized black holes provide valuable insights into astrophysical processes near compact objects. In this work, we investigate the bound and unbound trajectories of charged particles in the vicinity of a Schwarzschild black hole immersed in an external, uniform magnetic field. By analyzing the effective potential and solving the corresponding equations of motion, we classify the possible orbital configurations and identify the critical parameters governing the transition between stable and escape trajectories. The influence of the magnetic field strength and particle charge on the orbital structure, energy, and angular momentum is systematically explored. Applications of the obtained results are discussed in the context of the S2 star orbiting Sagittarius A* and the motion of bright hotspots detected near the event horizon, offering a potential interpretation of recent observations in terms of magnetized dynamics. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of charged-particle motion around black holes and its relevance to high-energy astrophysical phenomena in the galactic center. Finally, we test our model by fitting it to real data from the observed trajectory of the S2 star using a statistical Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, which allows us to estimate the phenomenological magnetic coupling parameter of the S2 orbit. For a macroscopic star, this coupling should not be read as a literal net electric charge. We use it instead as an effective parameter which measures, in a simple way, the weak interaction of the star with the magnetized environment around Sgr A*.