Vascular Pathogenesis in Acute and Long COVID: Current Insights and Therapeutic Outlook

2024/09/30 by Arneaux Kruger, David Joffe, Graham Lloyd‐Jones +6 · 1 voice · 28 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Medicine · #Asymptomatic #Bioinformatics #Biology #COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies #Cardiology #Coronavirus #Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) #Disease #Endothelial dysfunction #Immunology #Infectious disease (medical specialty) #Inflammasome and immune disorders #Intensive care medicine #Internal medicine #Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 #Medicine #Pathogenesis #Pathology #Vascular disease

paper · pdf · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1790603

published in Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 51(03), 256-271 (Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany))

openalex publication_date 2024/09/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06

Abstract

Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-a postacute consequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection-manifests with a broad spectrum of relapsing and remitting or persistent symptoms as well as varied levels of organ damage, which may be asymptomatic or present as acute events such as heart attacks or strokes and recurrent infections, hinting at complex underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Central to these symptoms is vascular dysfunction rooted in thrombotic endothelialitis. We review the scientific evidence that widespread endothelial dysfunction (ED) leads to chronic symptomatology. We briefly examine the molecular pathways contributing to endothelial pathology and provide a detailed analysis of how these cellular processes underpin the clinical picture. Noninvasive diagnostic techniques, such as flow-mediated dilation and peripheral arterial tonometry, are evaluated for their utility in identifying ED. We then explore mechanistic, cellular-targeted therapeutic interventions for their potential in treating ED. Overall, we emphasize the critical role of cellular health in managing Long COVID and highlight the need for early intervention to prevent long-term vascular and cellular dysfunction.

Citations

• Review of organ damage from COVID and Long COVID: a disease with a spectrum of pathology

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Discussions

• Our paper @resiapretorius.bsky.social @dbkell.bsky.social doi.org/10.1055/s-00... [bsky, 46 points, 4 comments]

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