Entanglement of Formation of an Arbitrary State of Two Qubits
1998/03/09 by William K. Wootters · 224 citations
Computer Science · Physics and Astronomy · #Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture #Quantum Information and Cryptography #Quantum Mechanics and Applications
paper · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.2245
openalex publication_date 1998/03/09 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31
Abstract
The entanglement of a pure state of a pair of quantum systems is defined as the entropy of either member of the pair. The entanglement of formation of a mixed state \ensuremathρ is the minimum average entanglement of an ensemble of pure states that represents \ensuremathρ. An earlier paper conjectured an explicit formula for the entanglement of formation of a pair of binary quantum objects (qubits) as a function of their density matrix, and proved the formula for special states. The present paper extends the proof to arbitrary states of this system and shows how to construct entanglement-minimizing decompositions.
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