Dual symmetries of dense three and two-color QCD and some QCD-like NJL models

2024/03/01 by Khunjua, T. G., Klimenko, K. G., Zhokhov, R. N.
#FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2403.00444

Abstract

In this paper the symmetry properties of the phase diagram of dense quark matter composed of u and d quarks with two or three colors has been investigated in the framework of massless (3+1)-dimensional Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) and QCD models. It turns out that in the presence of baryon μ_B, isospin μ_I, chiral μ₅ and chiral isospin μ_I5 chemical potentials the Lagrangians of these models are invariant under the so-called dual transformations. Consequently, the entire NJL model (or QCD) thermodynamic potentials are dually symmetric. In particular, it means that in the total (μ_B,μ_I,μ₅,μ_I5)-phase portraits of these models the chiral symmetry breaking (CSB) and charged pion condensation (PC) phases are arranged dually conjugated (or symmetrical) to each other (in the case of three-color models). Whereas in the case of two-color quark matter, these models predict the entire phase structure in which there are dual symmetries between CSB, charged PC and baryon superfluid phases.

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