2025/05/23 by Natalia Rubanova, Darshika Singh, Louis Barolle +6 · 1 voice · 2 citations
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Biology #CRISPR and Genetic Engineering #Chromosomal and Genetic Variations #Endogenous retrovirus #Gene #Genetics #Genome #Locus (genetics) #Long terminal repeat #Nematode management and characterization studies #Regulatory sequence #Retrotransposon #Somatic cell #Transcription factor #Transposable element
paper · pdf · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf485
published in Nucleic Acids Research 53(11) (Oxford University Press)
openalex publication_date 2025/05/23 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06
Retrotransposons, multi-copy sequences that propagate via copy-and-paste mechanisms, occupy large portions of eukaryotic genomes. A great majority of their manifold copies remain silenced in somatic cells; nevertheless, some are transcribed, often in a tissue-specific manner, and a small fraction retains its ability to mobilize. While it is well characterized that retrotransposon sequences may provide cis-regulatory elements for neighboring genes, how their own expression and mobility are achieved is not well understood. Here, using long-read DNA sequencing, we characterize somatic retrotransposition in the Drosophila intestine. We show that retroelement mobility does not change significantly upon aging and is limited to very few active sub-families. Importantly, we identify a donor locus of an endogenous LTR (long terminal repeat) retroviral element rover, active in the intestinal tissue. We reveal that gut activity of the rover donor copy depends on its genomic environment. Without affecting local gene expression, the copy co-opts its upstream genomic sequence, rich in transcription factor binding sites, for somatic expression. Further, we show that escargot, a snail-type transcription factor, can drive transcriptional activity of the active rover copy. These data provide new insights into how locus-specific features allow active retrotransposons to produce functional transcripts and mobilize in a somatic lineage.