2024/12/11 by Alba Rey‐Iglesia, Alexander J.E. Pryor, Deon de Jager +10 · 1 voice · 2 citations
Arts and Humanities · Social Sciences · #Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies #Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology #Paleopathology and ancient diseases
paper · doi:10.1016/j.qeh.2024.100049
Circular structures made from woolly mammoth bones are found across Ukraine and west Russia, yet the origin of the bones remains uncertain. We present ten new mammoth radiocarbon dates from the largest circular structure at Kostenki 11-Ia, identifying two mammoth mandibles ∼200–1200 years older than the other dated materials from the site, suggesting skeletal material from long-dead individuals was scavenged and used in the site construction. Biomolecular sexing of 30 individuals showed a predominance of females, suggesting the Kostenki mammoths are primarily from herds. We identify seven mitochondrial lineages across 16 samples, and thus the mammoths are not all from the same matriline. Integrating biomolecular sexing with stable δ 13 C and δ 15 N isotope analysis, we find no isotopically-differentiated resource use by females and males, providing the first analysis of foraging differences between sexes in any Late Pleistocene megafauna. Our study highlights the significance of integrating ancient biomolecular approaches in archaeological inference.