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Beyond Noise: Mitigating the Impact of Fine-grained Semantic Divergences on Neural Machine Translation

2021/05/31 by Eleftheria Briakou, Marine Carpuat, Briakou, Eleftheria +1
Computer Science · #Computation and Language (cs.CL) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Natural Language Processing Techniques #Topic Modeling #cs.CL

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2105.15087

ACL 2021

arxiv created 2021/05/31 · openalex publication_date 2021/05/31 · arxiv updated 2021/06/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

While it has been shown that Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is highly sensitive to noisy parallel training samples, prior work treats all types of mismatches between source and target as noise. As a result, it remains unclear how samples that are mostly equivalent but contain a small number of semantically divergent tokens impact NMT training. To close this gap, we analyze the impact of different types of fine-grained semantic divergences on Transformer models. We show that models trained on synthetic divergences output degenerated text more frequently and are less confident in their predictions. Based on these findings, we introduce a divergent-aware NMT framework that uses factors to help NMT recover from the degradation caused by naturally occurring divergences, improving both translation quality and model calibration on EN-FR tasks.

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