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Improving Multi-Head Attention with Capsule Networks

2019/08/31 by Shuhao Gu, Yang Feng, Gu, Shuhao +1 · 1 citation
Computer Science · #Computation and Language (cs.CL) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Multimodal Machine Learning Applications #Natural Language Processing Techniques #Topic Modeling

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1909.00188

openalex publication_date 2019/08/31 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

Multi-head attention advances neural machine translation by working out multiple versions of attention in different subspaces, but the neglect of semantic overlapping between subspaces increases the difficulty of translation and consequently hinders the further improvement of translation performance. In this paper, we employ capsule networks to comb the information from the multiple heads of the attention so that similar information can be clustered and unique information can be reserved. To this end, we adopt two routing mechanisms of Dynamic Routing and EM Routing, to fulfill the clustering and separating. We conducted experiments on Chinese-to-English and English-to-German translation tasks and got consistent improvements over the strong Transformer baseline.

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