1985/10/01 by R. A. Steinbrecht · 1 citation
Environmental Science · Earth and Planetary Sciences · Agricultural and Biological Sciences · #Physiological and biochemical adaptations #nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions #Meat and Animal Product Quality
paper · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1985.tb02658.x
SUMMARY The sensory hairs of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori, are suitable test objects to check for recrystallization and secondary freezing damage in a biological object, because cryofixation by immersion into propane (90 K) routinely yields well‐preserved specimens without noticeable freezing damage. After rewarming the frozen specimens for 10 min to 230 K (boiling propane), the tissue preservation has not deteriorated, and even after 45 min at 230 K, ice‐crystal ghosts rarely exceed 50 nm. Two minutes at 250 K (in deep freezer) produced moderate freezing damage with ice‐crystal ghosts of 30–75 nm, whereas 90 min at 250 K resulted in severe damage with ice‐crystal ghosts well over 100 nm. Secondary freezing damage by ice‐crystal growth upon rewarming well‐frozen biological specimens, therefore, is a relatively slow process, depending not only on the temperature, but also on the exposure time. Moreover, with some biological specimens, secondary ice‐crystal growth starts at much higher temperatures than previously guessed, and with short exposure times rarely should become a hazard in fine structure work.