2019/02/19 by Matthew Brennan, Brennan, Matthew, Guy Bresler +3 · 3 citations
Computer Science · Mathematics · #Computational Complexity (cs.CC) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #FOS: Mathematics #Machine Learning (cs.LG) #Machine Learning and Algorithms #Probability (math.PR) #Random Matrices and Applications #Statistical Methods and Inference #Statistics Theory (math.ST)
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1902.06916
openalex publication_date 2019/02/19 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
In the general submatrix detection problem, the task is to detect the presence of a small k × k submatrix with entries sampled from a distribution P in an n × n matrix of samples from Q. This formulation includes a number of well-studied problems, such as biclustering when P and Q are Gaussians and the planted dense subgraph formulation of community detection when the submatrix is a principal minor and P and Q are Bernoulli random variables. These problems all seem to exhibit a universal phenomenon: there is a statistical-computational gap depending on P and Q between the minimum k at which this task can be solved and the minimum k at which it can be solved in polynomial time. Our main result is to tightly characterize this computational barrier as a tradeoff between k and the KL divergences between P and Q through average-case reductions from the planted clique conjecture. These computational lower bounds hold given mild assumptions on P and Q arising naturally from classical binary hypothesis testing. Our results recover and generalize the planted clique lower bounds for Gaussian biclustering in Ma-Wu (2015) and Brennan et al. (2018) and for the sparse and general regimes of planted dense subgraph in Hajek et al. (2015) and Brennan et al. (2018). This yields the first universality principle for computational lower bounds obtained through average-case reductions.