New Trends in Measuring Environmental Attitudes: Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A Revised NEP Scale
2000/01/01 by Riley E. Dunlap, Kent D. Van Liere, Angela G. Mertig +2 · 5,598 citations
Environmental Science · Psychology · Social Sciences · #Biology #Cartography #Computer science #Ecology #Environmental Education and Sustainability #Geography #Linguistics #Philosophy #Place Attachment and Urban Studies #Psychology #Scale (ratio) #Set (abstract data type) #Terminology #Urban Green Space and Health
paper · doi:10.1111/0022-4537.00176
published in Journal of Social Issues 56(3), 425-442 (Wiley)
openalex publication_date 2000/01/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract
Dunlap and Van Liere's New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) Scale, published in 1978, has become a widely used measure of proenvironmental orientation. This article develops a revised NEP Scale designed to improve upon the original one in several respects: (1) It taps a wider range of facets of an ecological worldview, (2) It offers a balanced set of pro‐ and anti‐NEP items, and (3) It avoids outmoded terminology. The new scale, termed the New Ecological Paradigm Scale, consists of 15 items. Results of a 1990 Washington State survey suggest that the items can be treated as an internally consistent summated ratingscale and also indicate a modest growth in pro‐NEP responses among Washington residents over the 14 years since the original study.
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