2025/03/06 by Guo, Xue-Yi
#FOS: Physical sciences #Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2503.04152
The irreversibility and thermalization of many-body systems can be attributed to the erasure of spread non-equilibrium state information by local operations. This thermalization mechanism can be demonstrated by the sequence of Oi(ti), where Oi is a local operator, Oi(ti) = e^iHti Oi e^-iHti, H is the system Hamiltonian, ti can take positive, negative, or zero values, and the sequence is arranged according to the subscript i. We numerically demonstrate the information erasure of initial non-equilibrium quantum states through such sequence in a one-dimensional Hubbard model. During this process, the system's entanglement entropy increases monotonically toward a stable value. By incorporating this information erasure mechanism into an isolated system, our numerical simulations reveal that in this completely isolated system, a thermalization process emerges.