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Comparing Uniform Price and Discriminatory Multi-Unit Auctions through Regret Minimization

2025/10/22 by Marius Potfer, Potfer, Marius, Vianney Perchet +1
Decision Sciences · #Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research #Auction Theory and Applications #Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Game Theory and Applications #Machine Learning (stat.ML)

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2510.19591

openalex publication_date 2025/10/22 · openalex created_date 2025/10/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

Repeated multi-unit auctions, where a seller allocates multiple identical items over many rounds, are common mechanisms in electricity markets and treasury auctions. We compare the two predominant formats: uniform-price and discriminatory auctions, focusing on the perspective of a single bidder learning to bid against stochastic adversaries. We characterize the learning difficulty in each format, showing that the regret scales similarly for both auction formats under both full-information and bandit feedback, as Θ ( √(T) ) and Θ ( T2/3 ), respectively. However, analysis beyond worst-case regret reveals structural differences: uniform-price auctions may admit faster learning rates, with regret scaling as Θ ( √(T) ) in settings where discriminatory auctions remain at Θ ( T2/3 ). Finally, we provide a specific analysis for auctions in which the other participants are symmetric and have unit-demand, and show that in these instances, a similar regret rate separation appears.

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