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First eigenvalue of a Jacobi operator of hypersurfaces with a constant scalar curvature

2008/05/05 by Qing-Ming Cheng · 1 citation
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Geometric Analysis and Curvature Flows #Advanced Differential Geometry Research #Geometry and complex manifolds

paper · pdf · doi:10.1090/s0002-9939-08-09304-0

Abstract

Let <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper M"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">M</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> be an <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -dimensional compact hypersurface with constant scalar curvature <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n left-parenthesis n minus 1 right-parenthesis r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n(n-1)r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r greater-than 1"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r&gt; 1</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , in a unit sphere <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S Superscript n plus 1 Baseline left-parenthesis 1 right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">Sn+1(1)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . We know that such hypersurfaces can be characterized as critical points for a variational problem of the integral <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="integral Underscript upper M Endscripts upper H d upper M"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mo> ∫ </mml:mo> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">∫ MHdM</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> of the mean curvature <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper H"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">H</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . In this paper, we first study the eigenvalue of the Jacobi operator <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper J Subscript s"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">Js</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper M"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">M</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . We derive an optimal upper bound for the first eigenvalue of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper J Subscript s"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">Js</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , and this bound is attained if and only if <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper M"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">M</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is a totally umbilical and non-totally geodesic hypersurface or <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper M"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">M</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is a Riemannian product <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S Superscript m Baseline left-parenthesis c right-parenthesis times upper S Superscript n minus m Baseline left-parenthesis StartRoot 1 minus c squared EndRoot right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo> × </mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo> −

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