2025/07/22 by Osaisai, D. T., Awodu, O., Suleiman, A. S. +1
#Basic reproduction number #Mathematical model #Relapse #Sensitivity analysis #Stability analysis
paper · doi:10.60787/tnamp.v22.558
This paper presents an experimental investigation of Single-Mode–Multimode–Single-Mode (SMS) fiber optic sensors interrogated using Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (OTDR). The study examines modal interference within the multimode fiber (MMF) section and its influence on overall sensor performance. SMS-based OTDR sensors offer several advantages, including structural simplicity, low cost, and ease of fabrication. However, they also present limitations, such as relatively low temperature sensitivity compared to other fiber-optic temperature sensors, and resolution constraints determined by the OTDR noise floor. An experimental setup for characterizing SMS fiber sensors using OTDR is described, and results are analyzed in terms of sensitivity, resolution, and linearity to temperature variations. The analysis highlights the role of multimode interference, the thermal dependence of the effective refractive index, and the function of OTDR in signal acquisition and processing. The findings are compared to previous studies by Dey and Roy [1] and Hatta et al. [2].