2026/07/24 by Eikichi Kimura, Ashutosh Rathi, Saki Tsuchiya +6
#physics.app-ph #cond-mat.mtrl-sci
Electrochemical potentials at solid-liquid interfaces govern diverse chemical and energy conversion processes; however, the extent to which their electrochemical influence extends into the solid remains unclear. This study demonstrates that the maximally accessible electrochemical information is controlled by a single dimensionless factor u, defined as the ratio of the effective electrostatic separation between the liquid and probe locations to the electrostatic propagation length in the solid. The resulting universal inverse-square scaling is independent of the microscopic details of the probe. This attenuation law identifies electrostatic screening as a fundamental constraint on information transfer across solid-liquid interfaces, providing quantitative design principles for subsurface electrochemical sensing.