1987/08/01 by William Shepard · 144 citations
Social Sciences · #Islamic Studies and History #Education and Islamic Studies #Typology #Ideology #Islam #Sociology #Religious studies #History #Aesthetics #Political science #Philosophy #Law #Anthropology #Politics #Archaeology
paper · doi:10.1017/s0020743800056750
published in International Journal Middle East Studies 19(3), 307-336 (Cambridge University Press)
openalex publication_date 1987/08/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/05/21
It is probably fair to say of labels such as “fundamentalist,” “modernist,” and “secularist,” which are in common use today in writing about modern Islam, that we cannot live very easily with them, but that we certainly cannot live without them.