2007/01/01 by Péter L. Lakatos · 72 citations
Medicine · Immunology and Microbiology · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment #Biomarkers in Disease Mechanisms #Inflammatory Bowel Disease #Inflammatory Bowel Diseases #Inflammatory bowel disease #Medicine #Ulcerative colitis #Gastroenterology #Internal medicine #Disease
paper · doi:10.3748/wjg.13.6134
published in World Journal of Gastroenterology 13(46), 6134 (Baishideng Publishing Group)
openalex publication_date 2007/01/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/25
Smoking is an important environmental factor in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), having different effects in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD).A recent meta-analysis partially confirmed previous findings that smoking was found to be protective against ulcerative colitis and, after onset of the disease, might improve its course, decreasing the need for colectomy.However, smoking increases the risk of developing Crohn' s disease and worsens its course, increasing the need for steroids, immunosuppressants and re-operations.Smoking cessation aggravates ulcerative colitis and improves Crohn's disease.Data are however, largely conflictive as well as the potential mechanisms involved in this dual relationship are still unknown.In this review article, the authors review the role of smoking in inflammatory bowel diseases.