2014/06/11 by R. W. White, R. Powell, Roger Powell +2 · 1 citation
Earth and Planetary Sciences · Materials Science · #Biotite #Cassiterite #Chlorite #Clay minerals and soil interactions #Facies #Geochemistry #Geological and Geochemical Analysis #Geology #Greenschist #Hematite #Ilmenite #Manganese #Materials science #Metamorphic facies #Metamorphic rock #Mineral #Mineralogy #Quartz #earthquake and tectonic studies
paper · doi:10.1111/jmg.12095
openalex publication_date 2014/06/11 · crossref created 2014/06/11 · crossref issued 2014/07/25 · crossref published 2014/07/25 · crossref published-online 2014/07/25 · crossref published-print 2014/10/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · crossref deposited 2025/05/03 · crossref indexed 2026/08/04 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract The a – x relations recently presented in White et al . ( , Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 32, 261–286) are extended to include MnO. This provides a set of internally consistent a – x relations for metapelitic rocks in the MnO–Na 2 O–CaO–K 2 O–FeO–MgO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 –H 2 O–TiO 2 –O 2 (MnNCKFMASHTO) system. The mixing parameters for the Mn‐bearing minerals were estimated using the micro‐ ϕ approach of Powell et al . ( , Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 32, 245–260). Then the Mn‐end‐member thermodynamic properties were calibrated using a database of co‐existing minerals involving literature data from rocks and from experiments on natural materials. Mn‐end‐members were calibrated for orthopyroxene, cordierite, staurolite, chloritoid, chlorite, biotite, ilmenite and hematite, assuming known properties for the garnet end‐member spessartine. The addition of MnO to phase diagram calculations results in a marked expansion of the stability of garnet‐bearing assemblages. At greenschist facies conditions garnet stability is extended down temperature. At amphibolite facies conditions, the garnet‐in boundary shifts to lower pressure. While the addition of MnO greatly influences the stability of garnet, it has relatively little effect on the stability of other common metapelitic minerals, with the resultant diagrams being topologically very similar to those calculated without MnO. Furthermore, the addition of MnO in the amounts measured in most metapelites has only a small effect on the mode of garnet, with calculated garnet modes remaining smaller than 1% in the P – T range outside its predicted Mn‐free P – T range.