Scalar resonance in graviton-graviton scattering at high-energies: the graviball

2020/09/30 by Diego Blas, D. Blas, Jorge Martin Camalich +2 · 12 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Geometry #Gravitation #Graviton #Particle physics #Physics #Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #Quantum electrodynamics #Quantum mechanics #Resonance (particle physics) #S-matrix #Scalar (mathematics) #Scattering #Scattering amplitude #Unitarity #gr-qc #hep-ph #hep-th

paper · pdf · open access · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2022.136991

published in Physics Letters B 827, 136991 (Elsevier BV) · 11 pages, 1 figure. Additional discussions are included

openalex publication_date 2022/02/25 · arxiv created 2022/03/08 · arxiv updated 2022/03/09 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

We study graviton-graviton scattering in partial-wave amplitudes after unitarizing their Born terms. In order to apply S-matrix techniques, based on unitarity and analyticity, we introduce an S-matrix associated to this resummation that is free of infrared divergences. This is achieved by removing the diverging phase factor calculated by Weinberg that multiplies the S matrix, and that stems from the virtual infrared gravitons. A scalar graviton-graviton resonance with vacuum quantum numbers (J^PC=0⁺⁺) is obtained as a pole in the nonperturbative S-wave amplitude, which we call the \it graviball. Its resonant effects along the physical real-s axis may peak at values substantially lower than the UV cutoff squared of the theory. For some scenarios, this phenomenon could have phenomenological consequences at relatively low-energy scales, similarly to the σresonance in QCD.

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