2020/07/27 by A. Niezgoda, Artur Niezgoda, Jan Chwedeńczuk +5
Computer Science · Physics and Astronomy · #Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research #Coupling (piping) #Coupling constant #Lattice (music) #Mechanical and Optical Resonators #Photon #Physics #Quantum #Quantum Information and Cryptography #Quantum mechanics #Qubit #Scaling #Sensitivity (control systems) #cond-mat.quant-gas #quant-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physreva.104.023315
published as Phys. Rev. A 104, 023315 (2021) · 13 pages, 3 figures
arxiv created 2020/07/27 · openalex publication_date 2021/08/19 · arxiv updated 2021/08/25 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We consider a hybrid system of matter and light as a sensing device and quantify the role of cooperative effects. The latter generically enhance the precision with which modifications of the effective light-matter coupling constant can be measured. In particular, considering a fundamental model of N qubits coupled to a single electromagnetic mode, we demonstrate that the ultimate bound for the precision shows double-Heisenberg scaling: \mathrm\ensuremathΔ\ensuremathθ\ensuremath∝1/(Nn), with N and n the number of qubits and photons, respectively. Moreover, even using classical states and measuring only one subsystem, a Heisenberg-times-shot-noise scaling, i.e., 1/(N√(n)) or 1/(n√(N)), is reached. As an application, we show that a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a double-well optical lattice within an optical cavity can in principle be used to detect the gravitational acceleration g with the relative precision of \mathrm\ensuremathΔg/g\ensuremath∼10^\ensuremath-4\phantom\rule4pt0exHz^\ensuremath-1/2. The analytical approach presented in this study takes into account the leakage of photons through the cavity mirrors, and allows one to determine the sensitivity when g is inferred via measurements on atoms or photons.