2020/12/19 by Li Zhao, L. Zhao, X. Cui +13 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Cryogenics #Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena #Detector #Freon #Heat exchanger #Liquid nitrogen #Particle Detector Development and Performance #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Power (physics) #Water cooling #Xenon #physics.ins-det
paper · pdf · doi:10.1088/1748-0221/16/06/t06007
15 pages, 11 figures
arxiv created 2020/12/19 · openalex created_date 2021/01/05 · openalex publication_date 2021/06/01 · arxiv updated 2021/08/11 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract PandaX-4T, the new generation of the PandaX detector, is a xenon dual-phase detector with about six tons of liquid xenon as target for dark matter search. A cryogenics and xenon handling system is designed to liquify and purify this large detector. In this paper, the results on the commission of the cryogenics and gas handling system are reported. The maximum cooling power of ∼ 580 W at 178 K with three cooperating coldheads has been achieved. The filling rate with an assisted liquid nitrogen cooling can reach ∼ 700 kg/day. The average rate of recuperation by liquid nitrogen is around 440 kg/day. The maximum total purification speed of two circulation loops is up to ∼ 155 slpm. Each loop is using a large heat exchanger with a measured heat exchange efficiency of ∼ 97.5±0.5%.