2021/01/01 by Iurii Karpenko
Chemistry · Physics and Astronomy · #Chemistry #Classical mechanics #Environmental science #Heavy ion #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Ion #Mechanics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Physics #Polarization (electrochemistry) #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #Quantum mechanics #Vortex #Vorticity #nucl-ex #nucl-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-71427-7_8
39 pages; to appear in "Strongly Interacting Matter under Rotation", edited by F. Becattini, J. Liao and M. Lisa, Lecture Notes in Physics series. Due to the nature of the review, there is a text overlap with arXiv:1501.04468, arXiv:1610.04717, arXiv:1610.02506, arXiv:1707.07984, arXiv:1810.02706
openalex publication_date 2021/01/01 · arxiv created 2021/01/13 · arxiv updated 2021/08/04 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Fluid dynamic approach is a workhorse for modelling collective dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The approach has been successful in describing various features of the momentum distributions of hadrons produced in the heavy-ion collisions, such as pT spectra, flow coefficients vn etc. As such, the description of the phenomenon of polarization of Λ hyperons in heavy-ion collisions has to be incorporated into the hydrodynamic approach. We start this chapter by introducing different definitions of vorticity in relativistic fluid dynamics. Then we present a derivation of the polarization of spin 1/2 fermions in the relativistic fluid. The latter is directly applied to compute the spin polarization of the Λ hyperons, which are produced from the hot and dense medium, described with fluid dynamics. It is followed by a review of the existing calculations of global or local polarization of Λ hyperons in different hydrodynamic models of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We particularly focus on the explanations of the collision energy dependence of the global Λ polarization from the different hydrodynamic models, the polarization component in the beam direction as well as on the origins of the global and local Λ polarization.