2021/02/02 by Naritaka Oshita, Niayesh Afshordi, Shinji Mukohyama
Physics and Astronomy · #Angular momentum #Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Black hole (networking) #Charged black hole #Classical mechanics #Penrose process #Physics #Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect #Quantum electrodynamics #Quantum mechanics #Rotating black hole #Scalar field #Schwarzschild radius #Spacetime #Superradiance #astro-ph.CO #gr-qc #hep-ph #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2021/05/005
published as JCAP 05 (2021) 005 · 25 pages, 14 figures
arxiv created 2021/02/02 · openalex publication_date 2021/05/01 · arxiv updated 2021/05/07 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06
Abstract We investigate the ringdown waveform and reflectivity of a Lifshitz scalar field around a fixed Schwarzschild black hole. The radial wave equation is modified due to the Lorentz breaking terms, which leads to a diversity of ringdown waveforms. Also, it turns out that Lifshitz waves scattered by the Schwarzschild black hole exhibit superradiance. The Lorentz breaking terms lead to superluminal propagation and high-frequency modes can enter and leave the interior of the Killing horizon where negativity of energy is not prohibited. This allows the Lifshitz waves to carry out additional positive energy to infinity while leaving negative energy inside the Killing horizon, similar to the Penrose process in the ergosphere of a Kerr spacetime. Another interesting phenomenon is emergence of long-lived quasinormal modes, associated with roton-type dispersion relations. These effects drastically modify the greybody factor of a microscopic black hole, whose Hawking temperature is comparable with or higher than the Lifshitz energy scale.