2019/09/11 by Yang Huang, Y. Huang, H.-W. Zhang +19 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Andromeda #Andromeda Galaxy #Astronomy and Astrophysical Research #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena #Galaxy #Light curve #Luminosity #Spectral energy distribution #Spiral galaxy #Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies #Supergiant #Supernova #astro-ph.GA #astro-ph.SR
paper · pdf · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab430b
7 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, accepted by ApJL
arxiv created 2019/09/11 · openalex created_date 2019/09/19 · openalex publication_date 2019/10/03 · arxiv updated 2019/10/09 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06
Abstract The hot massive luminous blue variables (LBVs) represent an important evolutionary phase of massive stars. Here, we report the discovery of a new LBV—LAMOST J0037+4016 in the distant outskirt of the Andromeda galaxy. It is located in the southwestern corner (a possible faint spiral arm) of M31 with an unexpectedly large projection distance of ∼22 kpc from the center. The optical light curve shows a 1.2 mag variation in V band and its outburst and quiescence phases both last over several years. The observed spectra indicate an A-type supergiant at an epoch close to the outburst phase and a hot B-type supergiant with weak [Fe ii ] emission lines at an epoch of much dimmer brightness. The near-infrared color–color diagram further shows that it follows the distribution of Galactic and M31 LBVs rather than B[e] supergiants. All the existing data strongly show that LAMOST J0037+4016 is an LBV. By spectral energy distribution fitting, we find it has a luminosity (4.42 ± 1.64) × 10 5 L ⊙ and an initial mass ∼30 M ⊙ , indicating its nature of a less luminosity class of LBV.