2019/03/31 by G. Gallina, P. Giampa, F. Retiere +178 · 51 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research #Collider #Combinatorics #Dark current #Dark matter #Detector #KEKB #Optics #Particle Detector Development and Performance #Particle physics #Photodetector #Physics #Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies #Saturation (graph theory) #Scintillator #Silicon photomultiplier #astro-ph.IM #physics.ins-det
paper · pdf · doi:10.1016/j.nima.2019.05.096
published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 940, 371-379 (Elsevier BV)
arxiv created 2019/06/07 · openalex publication_date 2019/06/18 · arxiv updated 2019/07/24 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
In this paper we report on the characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 (S/N: S13370-6152) Vacuum Ultra-Violet (VUV) sensitive Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) as part of the development of a solution for the detection of liquid xenon scintillation light for the nEXO experiment. Various SiPM features, such as: dark noise, gain, correlated avalanches, direct crosstalk and Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE) were measured in a dedicated setup at TRIUMF. SiPMs were characterized in the range 163 K ≤ T≤ 233 K. At an over voltage of 3.1±0.2 V and at T=163 K we report a number of Correlated Avalanches (CAs) per pulse in the 1 \upmus interval following the trigger pulse of 0.161±0.005. At the same settings the Dark-Noise (DN) rate is 0.137±0.002 Hz/mm2. Both the number of CAs and the DN rate are within nEXO specifications. The PDE of the Hamamatsu VUV4 was measured for two different devices at T=233 K for a mean wavelength of 189±7 nm. At 3.6±0.2 V and 3.5±0.2 V of over voltage we report a PDE of 13.4±2.6 % and 11±2%, corresponding to a saturation PDE of 14.8±2.8 % and 12.2±2.3%, respectively. Both values are well below the 24 % saturation PDE advertised by Hamamatsu. More generally, the second device tested at 3.5±0.2 V of over voltage is below the nEXO PDE requirement. The first one instead yields a PDE that is marginally close to meeting the nEXO specifications. This suggests that with modest improvements the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs could be considered as an alternative to the FBK-LF SiPMs for the final design of the nEXO detector.