2019/04/30 by Eric Woillez, Éric Woillez, Yongfeng Zhao +3 · 116 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Brownian motion #Classical mechanics #Computer science #Diffusion and Search Dynamics #Dimension (graph theory) #Limit (mathematics) #Mathematical analysis #Mathematics #Metastability #Micro and Nano Robotics #Noise (video) #Particle (ecology) #Physics #Quadratic equation #Quantum mechanics #Statistical physics #cond-mat.soft #cond-mat.stat-mech #stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.122.258001
published in Physical Review Letters 122(25), 258001 (American Physical Society)
arxiv created 2019/06/27 · openalex publication_date 2019/06/28 · arxiv updated 2019/07/03 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06
We study the noise-driven escape of active Brownian particles (ABPs) and run-and-tumble particles (RTPs) from confining potentials. In the small noise limit, we provide an exact expression for the escape rate in terms of a variational problem in any dimension. For RTPs in one dimension, we obtain an explicit solution, including the first subleading correction. In two dimensions we solve the escape from a quadratic well for both RTPs and ABPs. In contrast to the equilibrium problem we find that the escape rate depends explicitly on the full shape of the potential barrier, and not only on its height. This leads to a host of unusual behaviors. For example, when a particle is trapped between two barriers it may preferentially escape over the higher one. Moreover, as the self-propulsion speed is varied, the escape route may discontinuously switch from one barrier to the other, leading to a dynamical phase transition.