2018/03/31 by Mário G. Silveirinha · 1 citation
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Angular momentum #Angular momentum coupling #Angular momentum of light #Cavity wall #Chern class #Geometry #Mathematics #Orbital angular momentum of light #Photonic Crystals and Applications #Photonic crystal #Photonics #Physics #Quantum mechanics #Quantum optics and atomic interactions #Topological Materials and Phenomena #Topological insulator #Topology (electrical circuits) #Total angular momentum quantum number #physics.optics
paper · pdf · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-08215-5
submitted on 31st Jan. 2018
arxiv created 2018/11/09 · openalex publication_date 2019/01/21 · arxiv updated 2019/03/06 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
The Chern index characterizes the topological phases of nonreciprocal photonic systems. Unlike in electronics, the photonic Chern number has no clear physical meaning, except that it determines the number of unidirectional edge states supported by an interface with a trivial mirror. Here, we fill in this gap by demonstrating that the photonic Chern number can be understood as the quantum of the light-angular momentum in a photonic insulator cavity. It is proven that for a large cavity, the thermal fluctuation-induced angular momentum is precisely quantized in the band-gaps of the bulk states. The nontrivial expectation of the light angular momentum is due to a circulation of thermal energy in closed orbits. Remarkably, this result can be extended to systems without a topological classification, and in such a case the "quantum" of the angular momentum density is determined by the net number of unidirectional edge states supported by the cavity walls.