2018/07/04 by Alhun Aydin, Altug Sisman, Altuğ Şişman · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Classical mechanics #Entropy (arrow of time) #Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications #Helmholtz free energy #Internal energy #Material properties #Nanoscopic scale #Non-equilibrium thermodynamics #Physics #Quantum #Quantum and electron transport phenomena #Quantum dot #Quantum mechanics #Statistical physics #Surface and Thin Film Phenomena #Thermodynamic equations #Thermodynamic equilibrium #Thermodynamic free energy #Thermodynamic process #Thermodynamic state #Thermodynamic system #Thermodynamic temperature #cond-mat.mes-hall
paper · pdf · doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2019.01.009
published as Phys. Lett. A, 383 (7) pp: 655-665, (2019) · 10 pages, 10 figures
arxiv created 2018/07/04 · openalex publication_date 2019/01/11 · arxiv updated 2019/01/29 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Thermodynamic properties of confined systems depend on sizes of the confinement domain due to quantum nature of particles. Here we show that shape also enters as a control parameter on thermodynamic state functions. By considering specially designed confinement domains, we separate the influences of quantum size and shape effects from each other and demonstrate how shape effects alone modify Helmholtz free energy, entropy and internal energy of a confined system. We propose an overlapped quantum boundary layer method to analytically predict quantum shape effects without even solving Schrödinger equation or invoking any other mathematical tools. Thereby we reduce a thermodynamic problem into a simple geometric one and reveal the profound link between geometry and thermodynamics. We report also a torque due to quantum shape effects. Furthermore, we introduce isoformal, shape preserving, process which opens the possibility of a new generation of thermodynamic cycles operating at nanoscale with unique features.