The enhancement of v4 in nuclear collisions at the highest densities signals a first-order phase transition

2018/09/12 by Yasushi Nara, Jan Steinheimer, Horst Stoecker · 3 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Beam (structure) #Crossover #Energy flow #Hadron #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Moment (physics) #Nuclear physics research studies #Phase transition #Quadrupole #Range (aeronautics) #Statistical Mechanics and Entropy #hep-ph #nucl-ex #nucl-th

paper · pdf · doi:10.1140/epja/i2018-12626-y

10pages, 3 figures

arxiv created 2018/09/12 · openalex publication_date 2018/11/01 · arxiv updated 2018/11/14 · openalex created_date 2019/06/27 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

The beam energy dependence of v₄ v4 (the quadrupole moment of the transverse radial flow) is sensitive to the nuclear equation of state (EoS) in mid-central Au + Au collisions at the energy range of 3 < √s_NN < 30 3<sNN<30 GeV, which is investigated within the hadronic transport model JAM. Different equations of state, namely, a free hadron gas, a first-order phase transition and a crossover are compared. An enhancement of v₄ v4 at √s_NN ≈ 6 sNN≈6 GeV is predicted for an EoS with a first-order phase transition. This enhanced v₄ v4 flow is driven by both the enhancement of v₂ v2 as well as the positive contribution to v₄ v4 from the squeeze-out of spectator particles which turn into participants due to the admixture of the strong collective flow in the shocked, compressed nuclear matter.

Citations

• Hydrodynamical description of200AGeV/cS+Au collisions: Hadron and electromagnetic spectra
• v4:A small, but sensitive observable for heavy ion collisions
• Relativistic Hadron-Hadron Collisions in the Ultra-Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model (UrQMD)
• Anisotropic Flow in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at PHENIX
• Highly Sensitive Centrality Dependence of Elliptic Flow: A Novel Signature of the Phase Transition in QCD
• v4from ideal and viscous hydrodynamic simulations of nuclear collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
• The phase diagram of nuclear and quark matter at high baryon density
• Microscopic models for ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
• Integrated Dynamical Approach to Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• Collective flow signals the quark–gluon plasma

Cited by

• Momentum-dependent potential and collective flows within the relativistic quantum molecular dynamics approach based on relativistic mean-field theory
• Dependence on beam energy and nuclear equation of state of anisotropic flow and particle production in low-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Probing criticality with deep learning in relativistic heavy-ion collisions