The serial position effect of free recall.

1962/11/01 by Bennet B. Murdock · 29 citations
Computer Science · #Machine Learning and Algorithms #Information Retrieval and Search Behavior #Topic Modeling

paper · doi:10.1037/h0045106

Abstract

The serial position curve is characterized by a steep, possibly exponential, primacy effect extending over the 1st 3 or 4 words in the list, an S-shaped recency effect extending over the last 8 words in the list, and a horizontal asymptote spanning the primacy and recency effect. The shape of the cu

Citations

• Short-term retention of individual verbal items.

Cited by

• Associative retrieval processes in free recall
• The drawing effect: Evidence for costs and benefits using pure and mixed lists
• Walking through doorways helps remembering, but not for long
• Conclusion First: A Modest Proposal to Reorganize the IMRaD Structure of Research Articles
• A Distributed Representation of Temporal Context
• Investor Memory and Biased Beliefs: Evidence from the Field
• Recalling sequences from memory can explain the distribution of recursive structures in natural languages
• UGC-VQA: Benchmarking Blind Video Quality Assessment for User Generated Content
• Neural Tuning for Ordinal Processing: Convergent Patterns in Human Brains and Artificial Networks
• Beyond Semantics: How Temporal Biases Shape Retrieval in Transformer and State-Space Models
• Social Simulations with Large Language Model Risk Utopian Illusion
• A Tutorial on Cognitive Biases in Agentic AI-Driven 6G Autonomous Networks
• GENESIS: A Generative Model of Episodic-Semantic Interaction
• The Geometry of Forgetting
• Lost in the Middle: An Emergent Property from Information Retrieval Demands in LLMs
• A Precise Measure of Working Memory Reveals Subjects Difficulties\n Managing Limited Capacity
• Building the Arrow of Time… Over Time: A Sequence of Brain Activity Mapping Imagined Events in Time and Space
• Reduced temporal organization of narrative recall in adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury
• Pattern integration and differentiation: Dual process model of episodic memory
• Delayed primacy recall in AVLT is associated with medial temporal tau PET burden in cognitively unimpaired adults
• The Working Memory Model and the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall
• Review of Hallucination Understanding in Large Language and Vision Models
• Direct Evidence Delay with A Task Decreases Working Memory Content in Free Recall
• PoRe: Position-Reweighted Visual Token Pruning for Vision Language Models
• “Having it physical is a different story”: Physicalizing personal data publicly to motivate physical activity
• Video-LevelGauge: Investigating Contextual Positional Bias in Large Video Language Models
• Exploring Multimodal AI Reasoning for Meteorological Forecasting from Skew-T Diagrams
• Probing Syntax in Large Language Models: Successes and Remaining Challenges
• Can RNNs learn Recursive Nested Subject-Verb Agreements?

Related

• A THEORY OF THE SERIAL POSITION EFFECT
• The Interaction Between the Production Effect and Serial Position in Recognition and Recall
• First direct evidence of two stages in free recall and three corresponding estimates of working memory capacity
• Replication and Analysis of Ebbinghaus’ Forgetting Curve
• Large individual differences in free recall