Test of Local Realism into the Past without Detection and Locality Loopholes

2018/08/20 by Ming‐Han Li, Ming-Han Li, Cheng Wu +19 · 3 citations
Computer Science · Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysics #Bell's theorem #COSMIC cancer database #Cosmology #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Galaxy #Hidden variable theory #Locality #Mathematics #Particle physics #Photon #Physics #Quantum #Quantum Information and Cryptography #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #Quantum entanglement #Quantum mechanics #Quantum nonlocality #Quasar #Randomness #Sky #Statistical physics #Statistics #Theoretical physics #Variable (mathematics) #quant-ph

paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.080404

published as Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 080404(2018) · 19 pages, 8 figures

openalex publication_date 2018/08/20 · arxiv created 2018/08/23 · arxiv updated 2018/08/24 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

Inspired by the recent remarkable progress in the experimental test of local realism, we report here such a test that achieves an efficiency greater than (78%)² for entangled photon pairs separated by 183 m. Further utilizing the randomness in cosmic photons from pairs of stars on the opposite sides of the sky for the measurement setting choices, we not only close the locality and detection loopholes simultaneously, but also test the null hypothesis against local hidden variable mechanisms for events that took place 11 years ago (13 orders of magnitude longer than previous experiments). After considering the bias in measurement setting choices, we obtain an upper bound on the p value of 7.87×10^-4, which clearly indicates the rejection with high confidence of potential local hidden variable models. One may further push the time constraint on local hidden variable mechanisms deep into the cosmic history by taking advantage of the randomness in photon emissions from quasars with large aperture telescopes.

Citations

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Cited by

• Relaxed Bell inequalities with arbitrary measurement dependence for each observer
• Towards probing for hypercomplex quantum mechanics in a waveguide interferometer
• Cluster-State Witnesses of Finite-Speed Hidden Influences