Lorentz and CPT tests with clock-comparison experiments

2018/05/11 by V. Alan Kostelecký, Alan Kostelecky, Arnaldo J. Vargas · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysics #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Lorentz transformation #Mathematical physics #Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories #Observable #Physics #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #Quantum mechanics #Sidereal time #Theoretical physics #hep-ph #physics.atom-ph #quant-ph

paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.036003

published as Phys. Rev. D 98, 036003 (2018) · 35 pages two-column REVTeX

arxiv created 2018/05/11 · openalex created_date 2018/05/17 · openalex publication_date 2018/08/06 · arxiv updated 2018/08/15 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

Clock-comparison experiments are among the sharpest existing tests of Lorentz symmetry in matter. We characterize signals in these experiments arising from modifications to electron or nucleon propagators and involving Lorentz- and CPT-violating operators of arbitrary mass dimension. The spectral frequencies of the atoms or ions used as clocks exhibit perturbative shifts that can depend on the constituent-particle properties and can display sidereal and annual variations in time. Adopting an independent-particle model for the electronic structure and the Schmidt model for the nucleus, we determine observables for a variety of clock-comparison experiments involving fountain clocks, comagnetometers, ion traps, lattice clocks, entangled states, and antimatter. The treatment demonstrates the complementarity of sensitivities to Lorentz and CPT violation among these different experimental techniques. It also permits the interpretation of some prior results in terms of bounds on nonminimal coefficients for Lorentz violation, including first constraints on nonminimal coefficients in the neutron sector. Estimates of attainable sensitivities in future analyses are provided. Two technical appendices collect relationships between spherical and Cartesian coefficients for Lorentz violation and provide explicit transformations converting Cartesian coefficients in a laboratory frame to the canonical Sun-centered frame.

Citations

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