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Entropy-regularized penalization schemes and reflected BSDEs with singular generators

2026/02/20 by Daniel Chee, Noufel Frikha, Libo Li · 1 voice · 1 citation
Economics, Econometrics and Finance · #q-fin.MF

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arxiv published 2026/02/20 · arxiv updated 2026/03/03

Abstract

This paper extends our previous work to continuous-time optimal stopping, focusing on American options in an exploratory setting. Our first contribution is an entropy-regularized penalization scheme, inspired by classical penalization techniques for reflected BSDEs. It yields a smooth approximation of the stopping rule, promotes exploration, and enables gradient-based learning methods. We prove well-posedness, convergence, and illustrate numerical performance in low-dimensional examples. Our second contribution analyzes the behaviour of the scheme as the penalization parameter grows, showing that the limit solves a reflected BSDE with a logarithmically singular generator, for which we establish existence and uniqueness via a monotone limit argument.

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