2017/10/31 by Mario Collura, Márton Kormos, Pasquale Calabrese
Physics and Astronomy · #Bose gas #Bose–Einstein condensate #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Physics #Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism #Quantum #Quantum many-body systems #Quantum mechanics #cond-mat.quant-gas #quant-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physreva.97.033609
published as Phys. Rev. A 97, 033609 (2018) · Added references
openalex publication_date 2018/03/16 · arxiv created 2018/04/05 · arxiv updated 2018/04/06 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We study the nonequilibrium dynamics of a one-dimensional Bose gas trapped by a harmonic potential for a quench from zero to infinite interaction. The different thermodynamic limits required for the equilibrium pre- and post-quench Hamiltonians are the origin of a few unexpected phenomena that have no counterparts in the translational-invariant setting. We find that the dynamics is perfectly periodic with breathing time related to the strength of the trapping potential. For very short times, we observe a sudden expansion leading to an extreme dilution of the gas and to the emergence of slowly decaying tails in the density profile. The haste of the expansion induces an undertow-like effect with a pronounced local minimum of the density at the center of the trap. At half period there is a refocusing phenomenon characterized by a sharp central peak of the density, juxtaposed to algebraically decaying tails. We finally show that the time-averaged density is correctly captured by a generalized Gibbs ensemble built with the conserved mode occupations.