2016/01/01 by Shant Shahbazian · 1 citation
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Chemical Physics Studies #Atoms in molecules #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Computer science #Mathematics #Molecule #Physics #Quantum #Quantum mechanics #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics #Space (punctuation) #Topology (electrical circuits) #physics.atm-clus #physics.chem-ph #quant-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29022-5_4
published in Challenges and advances in computational chemistry and physics, 89-100 (Springer Nature (Netherlands)) · The original text contains some typos and misprints that have been corrected in this version
openalex publication_date 2016/01/01 · arxiv created 2017/06/08 · arxiv updated 2018/03/09 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
It is customary to conceive the interactions of all the constituents of a molecular system, i.e. electrons and nuclei, as Coulombic. However, in a more detailed analysis one may always find small but non-negligible non-Coulombic interactions in molecular systems originating from the finite size of nuclei, magnetic interactions, etc. While such small modifications of the Coulombic interactions do not seem to alter the nature of a molecular system in real world seriously, they are a serious obstacle for quantum chemical theories and methodologies which their formalism is strictly confined to the Coulombic interactions. Although the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) has been formulated originally for the Coulombic systems, some recent studies have demonstrated that apart from basin energy of an atom in a molecule, its theoretical ingredients are not sensitive to the explicit form of the potential energy operator. In this study, it is demonstrated that the basin energy may be defined not only for coulombic systems but for all real-space subsystems of those systems that are described by any member of the set of the homogeneous potential energy functions. On the other hand, this extension opens the door for seeking novel real-space subsystems, apart from atoms in molecules, in non-Coulombic systems. These novel real-space subsystems call for an extended formalism that goes beyond the orthodox QTAIM, which is not confined to the Coulombic systems nor to the atoms in molecules as the sole real-space subsystems. It is termed the quantum theory of real-space open subsystems (QTROS) and its potential applications are detailed. The harmonic trap model, containing non-interacting fermions or bosons, is considered as an example for the QTROS analysis. The QTROS analysis of bosonic systems is particularly quite unprecedented, not attempted before.