2017/01/31 by J. L. Helm, John L. Helm, Thomas P. Billam +5 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Frequency and Time Standards #Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research #Atomic physics #Bose–Einstein condensate #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Magnetic field #Physics #Population #Quantum mechanics #Spin (aerodynamics) #Spinor #cond-mat.quant-gas
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.120.063201
published as Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 063201 (2018) · 5 pages, 2 figures
arxiv created 2017/10/29 · openalex publication_date 2018/02/06 · arxiv updated 2018/02/14 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We propose a method of atom interferometry using a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate with a time-varying magnetic field acting as a coherent beam splitter. Our protocol creates long-lived superpositional counterflow states, which are of fundamental interest and can be made sensitive to both the Sagnac effect and magnetic fields on the sub-μG scale. We split a ring-trapped condensate, initially in the mf=0 hyperfine state, into superpositions of internal mf=±1 states and condensate superflow, which are spin-orbit coupled. After interrogation, the relative phase accumulation can be inferred from a population transfer to the mf=±1 states. The counterflow generation protocol is adiabatically deterministic and does not rely on coupling to additional optical fields or mechanical stirring techniques. Our protocol can maximize the classical Fisher information for any rotation, magnetic field, or interrogation time and so has the maximum sensitivity available to uncorrelated particles. Precision can increase with the interrogation time and so is limited only by the lifetime of the condensate.