2012/10/01 by Sarah Allan · 1 citation
Social Sciences · #Chinese history and philosophy #Literature #Inscribed figure #History #Shang dynasty #Art #Bamboo #Ancient history #Archaeology #China
paper · doi:10.1017/s0041977x12000547
openalex publication_date 2012/10/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/22
Abstract In light of the recent discovery of Warring States period bamboo slips, now in the collection of Tsinghua University, inscribed with texts described as shu, “documents” or “similar to shu” , this article explores the question of “what were shu ?” It suggests that shu can be understood as a literary form apart from the history of the Confucian classic, the Shang shu 尚書 (Ancient Documents) or Shu jing 書經 (Book of Documents) and the Yi Zhou shu 逸周書. Formal characteristics include: shu were – or pretended to be – contemporaneous records; and shu include formal speeches by model kings and ministers from ancient times. Many shu include the expression wang ruo yue 王若曰, which is also found in bronze inscriptions, where it indicates that a royal speech was read aloud by an official. Thus, the literary form originated with the practice of composing speeches in writing before they were read out in formal ceremonies, with a bamboo slip copy presented to the officials addressed. Later shu were fictional compositions, written in the style of these ancient documents.