2001/04/25 by Gerard ’t Hooft, Gerard 't Hooft, Hooft, Gerard 't · 3 citations
Medicine · Physics and Astronomy · #Biofield Effects and Biophysics #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0104219
An Essay in honour of John S. Bell. 8 pages TeX, no figures
arxiv created 2001/04/25 · openalex publication_date 2001/04/25 · arxiv updated 2009/11/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
In deterministic theories, one can start from a set of ontological states to formulate the dynamical laws, but these may not be directly observable. Observable are only equivalence classes of states, and these will span a basis of "beables", to be promoted to an orthonormal basis of Hilbert Space. After transforming this basis to a more conventional basis, a theory may result that is fundamentally quantum mechanical. It is conjectured that the quantum laws of the real world may be understood from exactly such a procedure.