Cultural humility: Measuring openness to culturally diverse clients.
2013/05/06 by Joshua N. Hook, Don E. Davis, Jesse Owen +2 · 1,078 citations
Psychology · Social Sciences · #Alliance #Construct (python library) #Counseling Practices and Supervision #Counseling, Therapy, and Family Dynamics #Cultural Competency in Health Care #Cultural competence #Cultural diversity #Cultural humility #Humility #Interpersonal communication #Multiculturalism #Openness to experience #Pedagogy #Perception #Psychology #Social psychology #Sociology
paper · doi:10.1037/a0032595
published in Journal of Counseling Psychology 60(3), 353-366 (American Psychological Association)
openalex publication_date 2013/05/06 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract
Building on recent theory stressing multicultural orientation, as well as the development of virtues and dispositions associated with multicultural values, we introduce the construct of cultural humility, defined as having an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented rather than self-focused, characterized by respect and lack of superiority toward an individual's cultural background and experience. In 4 studies, we provide evidence for the estimated reliability and construct validity of a client-rated measure of a therapist's cultural humility, and we demonstrate that client perceptions of their therapist's cultural humility are positively associated with developing a strong working alliance. Furthermore, client perceptions of their therapist's cultural humility were positively associated with improvement in therapy, and this relationship was mediated by a strong working alliance. We consider implications for research, practice, and training.
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