2025/12/01 by W. Xu, Q. Hao, Z. Zheng +8 · 1 voice
Earth and Planetary Sciences · Physics and Astronomy · #Artificial neural network #Deep learning #Earthquake Detection and Analysis #Flare #Inversion (geology) #Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics #Radiative transfer #Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics #Solar flare #Solar physics #Temporal resolution #astro-ph.IM #astro-ph.SR
paper · pdf · doi:10.3724/ati2025087
openalex publication_date 2025/12/01 · openalex created_date 2026/01/30 · arxiv published 2026/05/26 · arxiv updated 2026/05/26 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
Solar flares are among the most intense forms of solar activity. Understanding the evolution of physical parameters in the solar atmosphere during flare events is key to studying their mechanisms and improving prediction capabilities, but directly measuring quantities such as electron number density, temperature, and plasma velocity remains challenging. Here, we introduce a novel, fully connected neural network, trained on synthetic data from the radiative hydrodynamics code simulations, to perform rapid inversion of physical parameters from Hα spectral line profiles. The spectral data were processed to align with the observational resolution of the Chinese Hα Solar Explorer satellite, enabling seamless application of the model to real-world observations. Results are highly consistent with simulations, achieving low errors under diverse flare conditions. We applied the developed model to analyze observations of a class X7.1 solar flare on October 1, 2024, revealing reasonable spatial and temporal evolution of key parameters throughout different flare phases. This work demonstrates the potential of deep learning techniques for fast and reliable spectral inversion, providing new tools for solar flare diagnostics based on Hα data.