2002/08/01 by Tirthankar Roy · 7 citations
Economics, Econometrics and Finance · Social Sciences · #Indian Economic and Social Development #Social and Economic Development in India #Historical Economic and Social Studies #Economics #Investment (military) #Caste #Colonialism #Capital (architecture) #Inequality #Economic growth #Development economics #Political science #Geography
paper · pdf · doi:10.1257/089533002760278749
openalex publication_date 2002/08/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/02
This paper argues that to restore the link between economic history and modern India, a different narrative of Indian economic history is needed. An exclusive focus on colonialism as the driver of India's economic history misses those continuities that arise from economic structure or local conditions. In fact, market-oriented British imperial policies did initiate a process of economic growth based on the production of goods intensive in labor and natural resources. However, productive capacity per worker was constrained by low rates of private and public investment in infrastructure, excessively low rates of schooling, social inequalities based on caste and gender and a delayed demographic transition to lower birthrates and the resultant heavy demographic burden placed on physical capital and natural resources.