2013/07/01 by Stephen G. Haw · 2 citations
Social Sciences · Arts and Humanities · #Eurasian Exchange Networks #Chinese history and philosophy #Ancient Near East History #Gunpowder #Empire #Eleventh #Ancient history #China #History #Archaeology
paper · doi:10.1017/s1356186313000369
openalex publication_date 2013/07/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/27
Abstract This article uses Chinese sources to argue that a range of gunpowder weapons was already in use in China during the late tenth and early eleventh centuries, earlier than previously thought. ‘True firearms’, that is cannon or guns firing solid projectiles, had quite probably been developed by at least as early as 1200 ce.