1932/11/01 by D. E. Sladden · 1 citation
Environmental Science · Chemistry · Psychology · #Physiological and biochemical adaptations #Amphibian #Sugar #Rana #Oxygen #Tap water #Biology #Sugar cane #Abnormality #Distortion (music) #Zoology #Fish <Actinopterygii> #Anatomy #Ecology #Chemistry #Fishery #Agronomy #Food science #Environmental science #Environmental engineering #Computer science #Psychology
paper · doi:10.1098/rspb.1932.0072
openalex publication_date 1932/11/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/05/21
Abstract A previous paper (Sladden, 1930) contained an account of certain experiments carried out with the eggs of the common frog (Rana temporaria). The experiments were performed with the object of testing the results obtained from similar ones by Tornier (1908). Tornier states that cane sugar in tap-water brings about a reduction of the amount of oxygen present in solution, and that frogs’ eggs subjected to sugar solutions of various concentrations become “weakened ”—presumably through lack of oxygen—and give rise to abnormal larvæ. He then goes on to compare these abnormalities with the abnormal “fancy” races of goldfish, assuming the origin of these fancy fish to be due to a deficiency of oxygen in early stages of development. Working on Tornier’s assumption that cane sugar would act as an absorbent of any oxygen present in a given solution, frogs’ eggs were subjected to a 10 per cent, solution of sugar in tap-water for a period of 4 hours; 24 hours after fertilisation. Most of the eggs thus treated gave rise to apparently normal larvæ, a certain percentage of the eggs failed to develop (these may have been unfertilised) but in a few cases the resulting larvæ showed various types of abnormality which became recognisable externally at two quite distinct stages in their development and can therefore be placed into two categories described as “early” and “late” abnormalities.