2011/03/29 by Theodore A. Evans, Tracy Z. Dawes, Philip R. Ward +1 · 253 citations
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Environmental Science · #Agriculture #Agroforestry #Agronomy #Arid #Biology #Ecology #Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies #Ecosystem #Ecosystem services #Environmental science #Habitat #Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior #Plant and animal studies #Sustainability #Temperate climate
paper · pdf · doi:10.1038/ncomms1257
published in Nature Communications 2(1), 262 (Nature Portfolio)
openalex publication_date 2011/03/29 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/02
Agricultural intensification has increased crop yields, but at high economic and environmental cost. Harnessing ecosystem services of naturally occurring organisms is a cheaper but under-appreciated approach, because the functional roles of organisms are not linked to crop yields, especially outside the northern temperate zone. Ecosystem services in soil come from earthworms in these cooler and wetter latitudes; what may fulfill their functional role in agriculture in warmer and drier habitats, where they are absent, is unproven. Here we show in a field experiment that ants and termites increase wheat yield by 36% from increased soil water infiltration due to their tunnels and improved soil nitrogen. Our results suggest that ants and termites have similar functional roles to earthworms, and that they may provide valuable ecosystem services in dryland agriculture, which may become increasingly important for agricultural sustainability in arid climates. The presence of earthworms is known to enhance the quality and moisture of soil in cool and wet climates. Evanset al. show that termites and ants can improve soil quality in warmer and drier climates—their presence results in elevated water infiltration and nitrogen content, leading to increased wheat yields.