2015/09/23 by Oliver Janssen, Mario Kieburg, K. Splittorff +3 · 2 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Boson #Diquark #Fermion #Goldstone boson #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Isospin #Mass gap #Mathematical physics #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Phase (matter) #Phase diagram #Physics #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #Quantum mechanics #Quark #hep-lat #hep-ph #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevd.93.094502
published as Phys. Rev. D 93, 094502 (2016) · 39 pages, 8 figures
arxiv created 2015/09/23 · openalex publication_date 2016/05/03 · arxiv updated 2016/05/11 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We consider the phase diagram of twisted-mass Wilson fermions of two-flavor QCD in the parameter space of the quark mass, the isospin chemical potential, the twist angle and the lattice spacing. This work extends earlier studies in the continuum and those at zero chemical potential. We evaluate the phase diagram as well as the spectrum of the (pseudo-)Goldstone bosons using the chiral Lagrangian for twisted-mass Wilson fermions at nonzero isospin chemical potential. The phases are obtained from a mean field analysis. At zero twist angle we find that already an infinitesimal isospin chemical potential destroys the Aoki phase. The reason is that in this phase we have massless Goldstone bosons with a nonzero isospin charge. At finite twist angle, only two different phases are present---one phase which is continuously connected to the Bose condensed phase at nonzero chemical potential, and another phase which is continuously connected to the normal phase. For either zero or maximal twist, the phase diagram is more complicated, as the saddle-point equations allow for more solutions.