Exercise-Induced Irisin Secretion Is Independent of Age or Fitness Level and Increased Irisin May Directly Modulate Muscle Metabolism Through AMPK Activation
2014/08/13 by Joo Young Huh, Vassilis Mougios, Athanasios Kabasakalis +10 · 359 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Medicine · #AMPK #Adipose Tissue and Metabolism #Aldose Reductase and Taurine #Basal (medicine) #Biochemistry #Biology #Cell #Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology #Endocrinology #FNDC5 #Insulin #Internal medicine #Kinase #Medicine #Metabolism #Myokine #Protein kinase A #Skeletal muscle
paper · pdf · doi:10.1210/jc.2014-1437
published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 99(11), E2154-E2161 (Oxford University Press)
openalex publication_date 2014/08/13 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31
Abstract
CONTEXT: Irisin has been proposed to be a myokine mediating the effect of exercise on adipocyte browning. The physiology of irisin in humans is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE: To study the physiology of irisin in healthy individuals with different age and fitness levels and to explore the direct effects of irisin on muscle metabolism. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS: Treadmill exercise studies were conducted to measure circulating irisin at baseline and in response to exercise among old and young, physically active and sedentary individuals. Also, high- and moderate-intensity swimming was performed in adolescent men and women to study the effect of exercise intensity and the time course of irisin induction by acute bouts of exercise. Human myotubes were treated with recombinant irisin, and the effect on gene expression, cell signaling, and metabolism was examined. RESULTS: Baseline circulating irisin was lower in old (vs young) and physically active (vs sedentary) subjects. Despite differences in basal levels, the percentage increase of irisin by acute bouts of exercise was not related to age or fitness level. The time course study revealed that circulating irisin increased immediately after high-intensity interval exercise and declined 1 hour thereafter. In vitro experiments showed that irisin facilitates glucose and lipid metabolism in human muscle through AMP kinase phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the differences in basal irisin levels, exercise-induced irisin secretion is independent of age or fitness level. Increased irisin can directly modulate muscle metabolism through AMP kinase activation.
Cited by
- Chronic Exercise Training and Circulating Irisin in Adults: A Meta-Analysis
- Acute effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on BDNF and irisin levels and neurocognitive performance in late middle-aged and older adults
- Irisin ameliorates high glucose‐induced cardiomyocytes injury via AMPK/mTOR signal pathway
- Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5/irisin in extracellular vesicles is reduced in older individuals
- Gestational fish oil supplementation in a high-fat diet induces sex-specific myokine changes in weanling offspring
- Acute effects of high-intensity interval exercise plus whole-body vibration on bone turnover markers, BDNF, irisin, and neurocognitive performance in postmenopausal women
- Irisin and Myonectin Regulation in the Insulin Resistant Muscle: Implications to Adipose Tissue: Muscle Crosstalk. [europepmc]
- Detection and Quantitation of Circulating Human Irisin by Tandem Mass Spectrometry. [europepmc]
- Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis. [europepmc]
- FNDC5/irisin - their role in the nervous system and as a mediator for beneficial effects of exercise on the brain. [europepmc]
- AMPK in skeletal muscle function and metabolism. [europepmc]
- Decreased level of irisin, a skeletal muscle cell-derived myokine, is associated with post-stroke depression in the ischemic stroke population. [europepmc]
- Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases. [europepmc]
- The Role of Irisin in Alzheimer's Disease. [europepmc]
- PGC-1α as a Pivotal Factor in Lipid and Metabolic Regulation. [europepmc]
- MicroRNAs in heart and circulation during physical exercise. [europepmc]
- Molecular and Functional Interaction of the Myokine Irisin with Physical Exercise and Alzheimer's Disease. [europepmc]
- Exercise Induces White Adipose Tissue Browning Across the Weight Spectrum in Humans. [europepmc]
- A role for FNDC5/Irisin in the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain and in neurodegenerative diseases. [europepmc]
- Myricanol modulates skeletal muscle-adipose tissue crosstalk to alleviate high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. [europepmc]
- Cytokines and Abnormal Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. [europepmc]
- Inactivity and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism: A Vicious Cycle in Old Age. [europepmc]
- The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review. [europepmc]
- Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview. [europepmc]
- Multiple Roles in Neuroprotection for the Exercise Derived Myokine Irisin. [europepmc]
- Biological Aspects of Selected Myokines in Skeletal Muscle: Focus on Aging. [europepmc]
- Multifactorial Mechanism of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity. Role of Physical Exercise, Microbiota and Myokines. [europepmc]
- Fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 improves aging-related cardiac dysfunction in mice. [europepmc]
- Irisin reduces inflammatory signaling pathways in inflammation-mediated metabolic syndrome. [europepmc]
- Biomarkers of aging. [europepmc]
- Brain metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: biological mechanisms of exercise. [europepmc]
Related