2014/01/01 by Philip H. Montenigro, Thor D. Stein, Robert C. Cantu +8 · 1 citation
Medicine · Social Sciences · #Administrative Law and Governance #Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation #Labor Law and Work Dynamics #Social Sciences and Policies #Traumatic Brain Injury Research #Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
paper · pdf · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112814
openalex publication_date 2014/01/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease that is most often identified in postmortem autopsies of individuals exposed to repetitive head impacts, such as boxers and football players. The neuropathology of CTE is characterized by the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in a pattern that is unique from that of other neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. The clinical features of CTE are often progressive, leading to dramatic changes in mood, behavior, and cognition, frequently resulting in debilitating dementia. In some cases, motor features, including parkinsonism, can also be present. In this review, the historical origins of CTE are revealed and an overview of the current state of knowledge of CTE is provided, including the neuropathology, clinical features, proposed clinical and pathological diagnostic criteria, potential in vivo biomarkers, known risk factors, and treatment options.